The largest sword

The largest sword (also called two-hand sword) used by man in wartime was a sword with a disproportionate measures and that, to be tamed, a large force was needed. For the management of this sword was not needed no technique. Is known that used larger sword came to measure up to 2,5 meters and weighed up to 10 kg. In the centuries XIV and XV the soldier of a foot used the swords to break the line of pikemen enemy.

The function of the largest sword, Apart from breaking the first line of pikemen, It was damage to soldiers who wore chain mail or plate armour. They do not necessarily had to pierce armor, with a sharp blow could damage the soldier breaking his hand or other parts of the body without cutting the armor.

This sword is also known under names long sword, Stud, bastard sword or Greatsword. The handle measuring almost one-fifth of the total length of the sword and the knob was round to be able to rotate the left wrist which allowed to strike quickly at a great distance. For combat at close range a hand placed on the handle and the other hand in the first third of the leaf which is not sharpened. Also used to place spikes at the beginning of the cutting edge, by way of false guardian, to improve grip, avoid hand slipped up to the edge or to prevent that it was the sword of the adversary that slipped by the Ridge until reaching her hand.

Among the different models of swords perhaps the best known is the Claymore. A two-handed sword used in the middle ages and early modern times. It was used in the struggle between Scottish clans 1400 and 1700. The Claymore measuring approximately 140 cm and weighed each 2,5 kg. The largest in the history of this model sword measuring 2,24 meters and weighs around 10 kg. This Claymore was used by a Scottish giant whose name and origin is unknown, Although it is believed that this person belonged to the Clan Maxwell.

One of the best-known swords is perhaps William Wallace sword. Wallace was a Scottish hero who led a rebellion against the Eduardo I King of England. He led the Scottish army against the English in their battles and so try to get independence. He won many battles but did not win the war, and he was captured, tortured and finally beheaded. Their exploits left their mark and inspired the Scottish people to finally, years later, got the long-awaited independence. In his battles, William Wallace wrestles with a sword with two hands with a long of 168 centimeters and a thickness of 1,2 centimeters. This sword is known worldwide thanks to the film “Brave heart” starring Mel Gibson.

Another also well-known two-hand sword is the two-handed blow of Carlos V. Sword for use with both hands, known as two-handed blow of Charles V. From hilted straight, form a cross with his fist and the blade, which was used for before going into battle to kiss the cross.

Many two-handed swords appeared in famous movies like “The sword of Atlantis” (Conan the barbarian) or the Narsil-Anduril (It appears in the Lord of the Rings trilogy). There are other swords known in the world of video games and Anime/Manga world.

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History of the Sabre

The sword is a single-edged curved sword, designed to cut, and commonly used in cavalry and by officers in the 19th century and even 20th. However, Sabre has not always been exclusive heritage of the troops of horse.

The origin of the sword tends to be attributed with certain lightness to Eastern peoples, more specifically those of Islamic influence. Later came the European medieval swords of single-edged and curved blade in some cases that are somehow the ancestors of the sword. The Sabre was used by the pirates in their attempts to plunder ships transporting goods.

During the 19th century the Sabre was very used by light cavalry, some troops of infantry received the name of Sabre's approach, and not only the light cavalry used but also heavy in the Napoleonic wars. In the same century the sword also appears in the war of succession that was a significant conflict in the history of America, It took place between the years 1861 and 1865. This war pitted against the Northern States also called the Union against the newly formed Confederate States of America comprising eleven Southern States proclaiming independence.

Sable francés Champane Briquet Historia del Sable

Champane French Briquet Sabre

The popularity of the sword as a weapon of combat came until well into 20th century. The Spanish troops used the sword in the Morocco Guerra, also the Red Army used the so-called Shashka until the middle of the 20th century, and even after World War II, becoming last stab of war regulatory, massive and military.

With the advent of the automatic weapons the importance of the sabre in combat has been declining until that at the end was in the cavalry as a simple decorative indispensable complement in the uniform of the armies.

The modern Saber is, along with the sword and the foil, one of the three weapons in fencing. It has a protector in the form of Bowl and a T-shaped in cross section. Today the sword is already used in fencing sport to maintaining its appearance, assaults of sable being fast and agile in this sport, which is why they require a good physical form.

The sword also appears in the belly dance which is performed by men carrying Sabres vertically, ready to fight, While they dance. This dance combines elements of traditional Middle East along with others in the North of Africa.

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Sword of Charlemagne, Charles I the great

Charlemagne was probably born in the year 742 and died the 28 in January of 814. King of the Franks from 768 and Roman Emperor from 800 until his death in 814, he expanded the Frankish Kingdom into an empire that incorporated much of Western and central Europe. He was crowned Imperator Augustus after conquering Italy.

Son of King Pepin and Bertrada of Laon, a Queen of the Franks, He succeeded his father in 768 and he co-gobernó with his brother Carloman I. The brother of Charlemagne, Carlomán I, He tolerated no Charlemagne and a war was about to begin, but the war was prevented by the sudden death of Carloman I in 771. Charlemagne continued the policy of his father towards the papacy and became its protector, the Elimination of the Lombards from power in Italy, and to lead a RAID into the Muslim Spain, who was invited by the Muslim Governor of Barcelona. Charlemagne you were promised several Iberian cities in exchange for giving military aid to the Governor, however, the offer was withdrawn. Later, the army, retreat of Charlemagne, He suffered the worst defeat at the hands of the Basques, at the battle of Roncesvalles (778).

Today he is regarded not only as the founding father of both monarchies, French and German, but also as a Páter Europae (father of Europe) his empire United most of Western Europe. The last who joined many European territories were the Romans.

Charlemagne is believed to have been born in 741, however, several factors have led to a reconsideration of this date. First year 742 It was calculated from the age as determined in death, instead of certification in the primary sources. At the present time, It is impossible to be certain of the date of the birth of Charlemagne. The best estimates include 01 April 747, the 15 April 747, o 01 April 748, in Herstal (where his father was born, a town near Liège in Belgium today), the region where both the Merovingian and Carolingian families originated. Much of what is known of the life of Charlemagne comes from his biographer, Einhard, who wrote a Vita Caroli Magni, the life of Charlemagne.

Among the campaigns which participated Carlomagno are going to name those who had relations with the Iberian Peninsula. According to the Muslim historian Ibn al - Athir, the diet of Paderborn received representatives of the Muslim rulers of Zaragoza, Girona, Barcelona, and Huesca. Charlemagne saw an opportunity to extend Christendom and his own power and decided to take this opportunity.

And 778, He led the Neustrian army across the Western Pyrenees, While the Austrasians, Lombards and burgados became the Pyrénées-Orientales. The armies met at Zaragoza and Carlomagno received the homage of the Muslim rulers, Sulayman al - Arabi and Kasmin ibn Yusuf, but the city did not receive as you should receive a King. In effect, Charlemagne was facing the toughest battle of his career, where the Muslims had the advantage and it forced him to retire. He decided to go home, Since he could not trust the Basques, who had been subjected by the conquest of Pamplona. He turned to leave Iberia, but it was when I was going through the pass of Roncesvalles, one of the most important events of his long reign. The Basques fell on his rear and the train of baggage, destroying it completely. The battle of Roncevaux pass went from being a simple skirmish battle, leaving many dead: The Seneschal Eggihard, the count of the Palace Anselm, and the director of the Breton March, Roland, inspiring the subsequent creation of the song of Roland (The Chanson de Roland).

The wars with the hills continued during the second half of his reign. His son Louis was in charge of the Spanish border. And 785, his men captured Gerona permanently and so extending the control of the Franks in the Catalan coast for the duration of the reign of Charlemagne (the control was maintained longer, until the Treaty of Corbeilen 1258). Muslim leaders in the North-East of the Islamic Spain are constantly protest against the authority of Cordoba, and that often they went to the Franks for help. The French border was extended until 795, in Girona, Córdoba and Urgell.

And 797 the largest city in the region, Barcelona, It fell under French authority when Zeid, its Governor, he rebelled against Córdoba and gave it away to them. The Umayyad authority recovered in 799. Sin embargo, Louis of Aquitaine was with the entire army of his Kingdom in the Pyrenees and stayed there for 2 years, during the winter of 800 a 801, When capitulated. The Franks continued to press forwards against the emir. Tarragona and Tortosa were in 809 and 811. The last conquest brought them to the mouth of the Ebro river and there they found access to assault Valencia, prompting the emir Al - Hakam I to recognise the achievements of Charlemagne in 812.

And 813 Charlemagne called his only legitimate son surviving his court and crowned him with his own hands as co-Emperor. In January he fell ill with Pleurisy, and the day 21 January died. He was buried the day of his death, in the Cathedral of Aachen, Although cold weather and the nature of his illness made her hasty one burial. Charlemagne's death greatly affected many of his subjects, in particular those of the literary clique which had surrounded him in Aachen.

He was succeeded by his surviving son, Luis, that he had been crowned the previous year. His rule lasted only a generation; his Division, According to the custom, among the children of Louis after the death of his father laying the foundations for the modern States of Germany and France.

Charlemagne is commonly associated with the Carolingian renaissance, a revival of the art and culture Latin through the Carolingian Empire, led by the Catholic Church, It established a common European identity. In his foreign conquests and internal reforms, Charlemagne laid the groundwork for what would become Western Europe in the middle ages. Today day is considered to be, not only as the founder of the French and German monarchy, It was named as Charles I, but also as the father of Europe.

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Swords of Carlos I of Spain and V of Germany

Charles I of Spain and Germany V ( Karl V in German) was born the 24 February 1500 and died the 21 of septembrie of 1558. Charles I was King of Spain between the years 1516-1556 and Emperor of the Holy Roman Empire between the years 1519-1558 known as Charles V.

Espada Mandoble de Carlos I de España y V de Alemania Espadas de Carlos I de España y V de Alemania

Claymore Sword Carlos I of Spain and V of Germany

He was the heir of the major dynasties of Europe: the House of Habsburg monarchy of Austria, the House of Valois-Burgundy of the Duchy of Burgundy, and the House of Trastámara to the Crown of Castile and León and Aragón. He ruled over extensive domains in the Center, Western and southern Europe and the Spanish colonies in the North, Central and South America, the Caribbean and Asia.

Charles I is gatekeeper in King after the death of his father Philip the handsome was the eldest son. He was the first person to govern Castile-Leon and Aragon at the same time, supposedly he co-reinó with his mother Joanna the mad, but that was only a technicality because the mental instability of her mother. And 1519 Charles succeeded to his grandfather Maximilian as Emperor of the Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria. From that point the Kingdom of Carlos has been described as “the Empire where the Sun Sun never sets” Since that encompassed nearly four millions of kilometers across Europe, the far East and the Americas.

Traje de Carlos V de estilo renacentista Espadas de Carlos I de España y V de Alemania

Charles V of Renaissance style suit

Most of the reign of Carlos dedicated it to the Italy war against the Kings of France Francis I and Henry II, coming out victorious wars forcing Francis to form an Alliance franco-otmana. Apart from this, Charles is known for its important role in the opposition of the Protestant Reformation. He wanted to avoid at all costs that the wars of religion expandiesen, several German princes left the Catholic Church and formed the Schmalkaldic League to oppose the authority of Charles with military force. The Protestants were defeated at the battle of Mühlberg in 1547, and shortly afterwards he legalized the Lutheranism in the Holy Roman Empire with the peace of Augsburg.

In the new world, Carlos oversaw the Spanish colonization of the Americas, including the conquest of the Aztec Empire and the Inca Empire. The rapid Christianization of the new Spain was attributed to the milago of the Virgin of Guadalupe. The commercial success of the voyage of Magellan (the first circumnavigation of the Earth) He has enriched by Carlos with the sale of nails, It also laid the foundation of the Ocean Empire of the Spain Pacific, and along with Ruy López de Villalobos started the Spanish colonization of the Philippines.

Although he was always fighting, Charles was a great lover of peace, and all his wars were practically defensive. “Not greedy of territory”, wrote Marcantonio Contarini in 1536, and “the most greedy of peace and tranquility”. Charles retired in 1556, and the monarchy of Habsburg was the younger brother of Carlos was called Fernando, Empire Spanish was eredado by his son Philip II. The two Empires would remain allies until the century 18.

After so many wars and conflicts, Charles V entered a phase of reflection: about himself, on life and their experiences and, In addition, on the State of Europe. The earthly life of Carlos was reaching its conclusion. The balance of his life wasn't entirely positive since that is realized that his attempt to form a universal empire under Habsburg rule had failed. He was appointed the first and most fervent defender of the Roman Church, but it could not prevent the settlement of the Lutheran doctrine.

Most of his life suffered from indigestion because he had a deformity in the lower jaw that prevented it from chewing the food properly. Later generations were also suffering from this disease giving rise to the term of Habsburg jaw. He also suffered from epilepsy which was probably caused by a diet consisting mainly of red meat. As they passed their illness it worsened and his retirement was held in the monastery of St. Yuste in a bunk bed. A ramp was specially built so that it can easily access their rooms. At last, a 21 in September of 1558 He died of malaria after a month of agony and fevers, caused by a mosquito bite from of the stagnant waters of one of the ponds built by the expert on clocks and Hydrographic Engineer Torriani.

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A hand and a half swords

The “sword in hand and a half” o “Longsword” It is a straight and long sword that can handle with fluency both with one or two hands, or at least that they were designed in principle. They were created to better penetrate the different Armors such as the chainmail, Silver belts or plaques.

This sword was not very different from the sword in hand, only the handle was modified to be able to handle it with two hands if needed. It was so successful to the extent that 9 of each 10 swords manufactured at the time had the grip so. But the fact of the swords of this era began to gain length influenced the reasoning that they were swords halfway between the medieval swords of short handle and the Swordsmen.

Although in principle the hand and a half sword was designed to be used interchangeably with a hand or two, very few movements could be made with one hand, and for a short period of time, Since with one hand could not apply enough force the cut was so precise. A bastard sword is well-balanced to move with speed, being sufficiently strong to dismount a rider, allowing a good handling and great speed. At the same time, its length and weight make it as effective as a two-handed blow when it comes to break formations of pikemen (that was the original purpose of the sailfish).

The leaf was double-edged and measured between 85 and 105 cms. about, being the total length of these located between 108 and 130 cms. Although it was quite long, These swords were not weighed much (between 1.300 GRS. and 2000 GRS. about).

Hand and a half sword appeared in the 13th century, and continued to be used until the beginning of XVII. His time of splendor was between the XIV and XV centuries. In the 13th extended its use throughout Europe, usually accompanying the Knights, It continued carrying in his belt one-handed sword while they wore the long hung horse Chair, until, already at the beginning of the 14th century, Hand and a half sword replaced the Medieval sword as a main weapon of the Knights, and its use became widespread, scorning the use of the coat of arms for the protection from that moment.

Later, already well into in the 16th century, firearms ended up becoming obsolete armor, and this therefore began to dwindle in the battlefield by what became the common soldier to do more vulnerable to a sharp attack, at the same time that the attacker was more sensitive to shock and minor cuts in the hands.

These swords evolved both according to the needs that arose on the battlefield and the new inventions that appeared over time as firearms. Apart from its spectacular design became one of the best swords in history.

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Swords of the Grand Duke of Alba

Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel also called the Duke of Alba, was a Spanish military noble. He was the man of greater trust and obedience of the Kings of Spain Carlos I and Felipe II. The Duke of Alba is regarded by historians as the best general of his era and one of the best in history, Apart from being the most important of the Álvarez de Toledo family representative.

Thanks to their efforts in favour of Catholicism received a rose gold of Pope Paul III. His military exploits contributed to Spain reached its apogee during the 16th century.

The Gran Duque de Alba was born in Piedrahita, province of Ávila, the 29 October of the 1507. He was always at the service of the Spanish monarchs, having a great dedication to arms, so much so that six years accompanied his grandfather to Navarre with the army who took it. Seventeen joined, without notice to his family, the troops of the Constable of Castile Iñigo de Velasco.

And 1532, already Duke of Alba, He attended the call of Carlos V and went to Vienna to defend it from the Ottoman Empire. Did not have to enter in combat now that the Ottoman Empire recall seeing the imperial army consisting of more of 200.000 hombres.

And 1535 He had the opportunity to face against the Empire Ottoman defeating the Barbarossa who defended the city of Tunisia.

The first service that provided to King Felipe II was to accompany him to England on the occasion of his marriage with María Tudor, being one of the 15 Great of Spain who attended the wedding.

Thanks to his military fame and his victories in various battles he was called again by Felipe II, I needed him for the conquest of Portugal. The Duke of Alba was at the forefront of the army, being named Captain General in June of the year 1580. At the end of August of the same year manages to defeat the army of General Diego de Meneses in the battle of Alcântara. After the victory the King Felipe II appoints Duke Constable of Portugal and I viceroy of Portugal, maximum charges after the figure of the sovereign.

Finally the Duke of Alba died in Lisbon the 11 December of the 1582 at the age of seventy-four. He won great victories brandishing his sword with great courage defeating the enemies of Spain and Christianity. He was buried in the convent of San Leonardo. And 1619, his remains were transferred to the convent of San Esteban de Salamanca, and later to the monastery of El Escorial, where lie until today.

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García Molina originating and based in Murcia

Originating in Molina and based in Murcia: In field of gold, five sickles of the color, placed in saltire.

Patronymic surname, derived from the name of Garci or García. In the Gothic language, meant “Prince of graceful view”.

The question has been submitted if the surname García had its origin in Euskalerría. Menéndez Pidal says: “The Basque name Garcia is already cited in the years 789 and 791 Castilla. The Queen Jimena of León, before Princess navarra, introduced it in Castile. One of his sons was called García, name introduced in the West by influence navarra.

At this time there were numerous Basque emigrants who settled in Asturias and León, forming nuclei of Basque intersection, and although they lost their original characteristics, they retained their names”.

Before the Arab invasion, many families of Castile, Aragon and Vasconia, fled. So great was the rout and so confusing that it was losing the family contact and children forgotten until its name. Reason for which many of them chose de García, What popularized the saying: “Who name was not, García was placed”. The above refers to the name. And the surname?? Is it indeed Basque?? Garcia comes from Hortza, Artza, Baartze or Hartze, He is originally from Iparralde, place where aspiring the “h”, is a similar sound to the “g”, Why was this letter by the scribes and as didn't pronounce the “TZ” suffered many changes in his writing.

Many of the Knights that held it since ancient times had the dignity of Ricohombres.

One of first surnamed males García, that is news, was Ramiro Garcia, Power and Governor for the years 843. And 981 flourished Nuño García y Fortún García, This last Lord of the Tower of Tovar; Sancho Garcia count of Castile was in the 10th century.

Several families of this name come from Garci-Jiménez, the hero for the reconquest of Aragon, He won Ainsa, where fortified taking the name of King of Sobrarbe.

Many of the numerous houses of the surname García did not have same origin or come from a same primitive solar and trunk. On the other hand, they are so various and disparate their backgrounds that there is no any link of kinship between most of them, or the more mild and primitive community of blood because, the coincidence of apellidar in the same way, It is fully explained by the ancient and widespread custom of become patronymic surname the name of a predecessor.

The surname García is widespread in the peninsula and America. Now in the surname of wider dissemination in Spain. A 3,65% the Spaniards have this surname. Its distribution reaches all existing communities, being the most widely used in 11 of the 17 existing: Castilla y León (5,33%), Madrid (4,21%), Basque country (2,67%), Navarra (2,10%), Aragon (2,44%), Andalusia (3,69%), Extremadura (3,33%), Castilla la Mancha (4,61%), Catalonia (2,84%), Comunidad Valenciana (3,44%), and the Balearic Islands (2,21%). In the other three took second place: Rioja (3,3%), After the surname Martínez (4,2%), Murcia (5,32%), also after the surname Martínez (6,54%) and Asturias (3,59%), After the surname Fernández (7,92%). In Cantabria (3,59%) is the third after Fernandez (4,13%%) y González (3,67%) and, dinalmente, in the Canary Islands (3,54%) and Galicia (2,89%) ranks fifth after Rodriguez (4,88%), González (4,76%), Hernández (4,24%) and Perez (3,76%), and Fernandez (4,07%), Rodríguez (3,68%), González (3,28%) and Lopez (2,94%), respectively.

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Garcia the located in caves

The located in caves: In field of silver, two towers of stone, two cocks Sabre gold.

Patronymic surname, derived from the name of Garci or García. In the Gothic language, meant "Prince of graceful view".

The question has been submitted if the surname García had its origin in Euskalerría. Menéndez Pidal says: "The Basque name Garcia is already cited in the years" 789 and 791 Castilla. The Queen Jimena of León, before Princess navarra, introduced it in Castile. One of his sons was called García, name introduced in the West by influence navarra.

Before the Arab invasion, many families of Castile, Aragon and Vasconia, fled. So great was the rout and so confusing that it was losing the family contact and children forgotten until its name. Reason for which many of them chose de García, What popularized the saying: "Who name was not", "Garcia was". The above refers to the name. And the surname?? Is it indeed Basque?? Garcia comes from Hortza, Artza, Baartze or Hartze, He is originally from Iparralde, place where is aspirated "h", This is similar to the "g" sound, Why was this letter by the scribes and as they didn't pronounce the "tz" underwent many changes in his writing.

Many of the Knights that held it since ancient times had the dignity of Ricohombres.

Several families of this name come from Garci-Jiménez, the hero for the reconquest of Aragon, He won Ainsa, where fortified taking the name of King of Sobrarbe.

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Garcia of Andalusia

Others of Andalusia: In gules, two silver luneles posts in strip.

Patronymic surname, derived from the name of Garci or García. In the Gothic language, meant "Prince of graceful view".

Before the Arab invasion, many families of Castile, Aragon and Vasconia, fled. So great was the rout and so confusing that it was losing the family contact and children forgotten until its name. Reason for which many of them chose de García, What popularized the saying: "Who name was not", "Garcia was". The above refers to the name. And the surname?? Is it indeed Basque?? Garcia comes from Hortza, Artza, Baartze or Hartze, He is originally from Iparralde, place where is aspirated "h", This is similar to the "g" sound, Why was this letter by the scribes and as they didn't pronounce the "tz" underwent many changes in his writing.

Many of the Knights that held it since ancient times had the dignity of Ricohombres.

Several families of this name come from Garci-Jiménez, the hero for the reconquest of Aragon, He won Ainsa, where fortified taking the name of King of Sobrarbe.

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García de Cádiz

Of Cádiz: In silver, six pigeons posadas, Azure, membradas and chopped gold in dos Palos, California.

Patronymic surname, derived from the name of Garci or García. In the Gothic language, meant "Prince of graceful view".

Before the Arab invasion, many families of Castile, Aragon and Vasconia, fled. So great was the rout and so confusing that it was losing the family contact and children forgotten until its name. Reason for which many of them chose de García, What popularized the saying: "Who name was not", "Garcia was". The above refers to the name. And the surname?? Is it indeed Basque?? Garcia comes from Hortza, Artza, Baartze or Hartze, He is originally from Iparralde, place where is aspirated "h", This is similar to the "g" sound, Why was this letter by the scribes and as they didn't pronounce the "tz" underwent many changes in his writing.

Many of the Knights that held it since ancient times had the dignity of Ricohombres.

Several families of this name come from Garci-Jiménez, the hero for the reconquest of Aragon, He won Ainsa, where fortified taking the name of King of Sobrarbe.

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The largest sword

History of the Sabre

Sword of Charlemagne, Charles I the great

Swords of Carlos I of Spain and V of Germany

A hand and a half swords

Swords of the Grand Duke of Alba

García Molina originating and based in Murcia

Garcia the located in caves

Garcia of Andalusia

García de Cádiz