The crossbow is a 10th century, he perfected the bow and the arrow. The primitive arc of wood was replaced by a powerful metal arc formed by one or more United metal rods, call “Arbalest”.
The plant or original braided gut string was later replaced by wire, and finally by synthetic fibres in the current sports releases. The primitive plant Rod arrow was replaced by a short and metal bolt, able to penetrate the shields and that is the modern carbon. Was added perpendicular to the center of the Arch a lane grooved in which housed the bolt and on which moved violently driving rope or wire.
Could bend the metal arc winning their powerful resistance by various maneuvers; the first consisted of putting the Arch on the ground and tighten the wire with both hands or foot to lock it in a hook. Mechanisms were later mounted (“contraptions”) various on the central lane. The most successful and used was the tension by tourniquet to crank. The wire, powerful tension and subject by a lock, shooting with a trigger.
His power became significant in later and more advanced version, with metal blades (the metallic projectile perforated a chainmail to 350 m). But, the older and less powerful versions were already used weapons. The reason for this was the ease of use of the weapon (basically, points and squeezes the trigger) in comparison with the arc, making it possible to train a ballestero in much less time than an Archer. For example, the famous Welsh arch, used with great effectiveness by the English in the hundred years ' war, He was able to pierce armor of a Knight or launch an arrow to 300 m, but the necessary tension was of m5 kg. A good Archer needed literally years of training.
The crossbow could be fired body to Earth, on foot or on horseback, and it not needed as much skill as the arc to give the White. His slowness of reloading was the great disadvantage: While the ballestero fired 1 saeta/min, in the same period a skillful and burly Welsh goalkeeper with its huge Arch of 1,80 m could shoot 10 arrows/min to almost 300 m away.
A version of repetition invented in ancient China, less powerful, but able to perform several consecutive shots before reloading. And long before their appearance in the middle ages, the ancient Greeks it seems that they already knew a kind of primitive version. Call “Belly bow”, because to tighten her pushed the mechanism Jericho on the belly and carrying the weight of the body.
The crossbow was the advance more equivalent to firearms. As in these, the crossbow is gatillaba and is pointing at moving the eye at the end of the saetero lane to align it with the target to hit. Its effectiveness at a distance was only surpassed by the gunpowder. Soldiers carrying this weapon is called “Ballesteros”.
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